Wrench



Apr. 17, M923. 1,452,079

C. M. JONES WRENCH Filed May 20, 1922 2 Sheets-Shree?l l r u u C. M.JONES WRENCH Apr.. 17, 1923. I 1,452,079

Filed May 20, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f2 "lli 36 14 J1 mi *Euljlnumilzurygngy 7.5 n 4 n n l n 4 l nl lnnml A Patente-d Apr. i?,1923.

CLAYTON M. JONES, OF JAMESTOWN, NEVI YORK.

WRENCH.

Application led May 20, 1922. Serial No. 562,352.

To all wia-m it may concern:

Be it known that I', CLAYTON M. JONES,

a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Jamestown, inthecounty of a Chautauqua and State of New York, have invented certain newand 4useful Improvements in lVrenches, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in adjustable jaw wrenches forbolt nuts, and is an improvement upon the construction shown in myformer Letters Patent No.

. 1,348,143, July 27', 1920; and theobject of Re the improvement is toprovide a stronger,

simpler and more easily attained construction which permits themanufacture of the wrench at a reduction in cost while attaining astronger and more accurate assemblage of the parts than in my formerwrench;

and the invention consists in the novel features and combinationshereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side eleva- 26 tion of the wrench withthe jaws open to their widest adjustment showing the finished wrenchwith the knurled nut for adjusting the movable jaw. Fig. 2 is a rearedgewise elevation of the wrench head show` 3o ing the double barrel andthe slot between the barrels, the knurled nut and paneled handle beingshown in dotted outline; and Fig. 3 is a front edgewise elevation of thewrench head showing the movable jaw slid ably mounted in the slottedwrench head and upper barrel, a part of the knurled adjusting nutshowing in said upper barrel, the remainder being shown in dottedoutline. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the wrench head with the sideportion broken away and the linurled adjusting nut in section, showingside elevations of `the partially opened movable jaw and the spiralscrew rotatably tting in the smooth lower barrel to adjust the movablejaw; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of said movable jaw. Fig. 6 is aperspective view of the knurled adjusting nut, showing the holetherethrough. Fig. 7 is an elevation of the adjusting screw showing theround shank end upon which said adjusting nut is attached. Fig. 8 is aSide elevation of a modification of the wrench head, showing the upperbarrel partially closed at its rear end, thereby to strengthen the fixedjaw and wrench head; and Figs. 9

and 10 show rear and front edgewise elevations or the same. F 11 is aside elevation of a further modification of the wrench head showing therear end of the lower barrel closed, the adjusting screw shortened andthe knurled nut attached by pinning through the screw end; and Figs. 12and 13 show rear and front edgewise elevations o f the same; and Figs.14 and 15 are sectional views of the knurled adjusting nut and aportionof the wrench head showing the different steps in the shrinking andswagmg of the adjusting nut onto the adjusting screw.

`Like characters of reference refer to corresponding parts in theseveral views.

The numeral 10 designates the wrench handle, and the numeral 11 the headportion of the wrench which has the fixed jaw 12 extending up therefrom.

The inner face of the fixed jaw 12 adjacent the head has the angularbraces 13 to strengthen said jaw, said braces 13 being preferably at anangle which conforms to one side of a hexagonal nut. Said braces 13extend from the fixed jaw 12 onto the wrench head 11, each side of alcentral slot 14.

y The central slot 14 extends from the front side of the wrench headthrough said wrench head beneath said xed jaw l2, opening into the upperbarrel 15 crosswise of said wrench head within which slot 14 and upperbarrel 15 the movable jaw 16 is slidably mounted. A second ,barrel 17extends from the rear side .of the wrench head parallel with the barrel15 to a crosswise opening 18 in said wrench head, which crosswiseopening centers said lower barrel 17 extending equally above and belowthe same. The barrels 15 and 17 are preferably drilled from the rearside, angular extensions `19 being preferably provided on the dropforging of the wrench head to provide square faces for the drill, whichangular portions 19are cut away in polishing and finishing the wrench.

Said barrels 1 5 and 17 are sufficiently wider than the center slot 14and a connective slot 20 between said barrels to slidably mount themovable jaw 16 with its cylindrical extension 21 in the upper barrel 15.The

rack toothed projection 22 extends down into the lower barrel throughthe slot 20.

A spirally threaded screw 23 rotatably fits within the smooth lowerbarrel 17 and is rotatable by means of a knurled nut 24 which ispreferably attached on the screw 23 in the following manner: The screw23 is provided with a round shank 25 which ts in the round hole 26 inthe knurled nut24,

which knurled nut 24 is preferably reamed fects upsetting of the outerend of the shank so as to rivet and also shrink the nut 24 onto theshank upon cooling of the parts. in order to assist the riveting justmentioned`,"the' inner face of' the wall 11 is con` caved so as toengage the peripheral edge of the shank and expedite spreading of themetal of shank upon the applicationof the han'unerblows deliveredthereto. This manner of attachment also centers the screw 23 in thebarrel 11 so that it rotatably fits thesame and is permanently attachedtherein without further adjustment,

This simple arrangement with the smooth partial.V length lower barrel 17and the abovedescribed method of attachment` for the knurled nut 24 ontheshank 25 of the spiral screw23 permits the spiral thread of the screw2 3 to be ciit on a rod of correct size,

which rod is then cut 'into the. required length for the screw 23 andthe shank v25 is then shaped, thereby providing an exceedingly accuratescrew construction at low cost which rotatably fits within said smoothlower barrel 17 and meshes inthe rack teeth 22 on the movable jaw 16.The arrangement also closes the front end of' the barrel 1,7 as

i shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, thereby strengthening the wrench head,shutting out particles of dustand foreign matter, permitting thepleasing side panelingor counter-sunk effect ofthe handle and aI portionof the head as shown in Fig. 1, thus lightening and strengthening thewrench, while improving its appearance.

The modification shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 still further closes andstrengthens the wrenchhead by the partial closure of the rear end of theupper barrel, as shownat 27 It is apparent that the closure 27 at eachside of the slot 14 strengthens the support of the fixed jaw 12 on thewrench head 11, and only requires a slight reshaping of the end of thecylinder 21 of the movable jaw 16. This modified form of the closed andstrengthened end of the upper barrel is preferred by many wrench userswho wrongly use the rear edge of the fixed jaw 12 as a hammer to startor drive bolts or similar uses.

The modification shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13 shows the full lengthopen-ended upper barrel 15, while the lowerbarrel 29 is closed at itsrear end 30. A modifiedadjusting` screw 31 is inserted through the openfront end of said lower barrel 29, and through the modified knurl 32which has a larger opening therein than the preferred knurl 24. Saidknurl 32 is attached to the full size shank 33 of the screw 31preferably by a crosswise pin 34 through said knurl and shank. The endof the shank 33 preferablyhas the crosswise groove 35 toreceive thescrew driver bit to` turn the screw 31 into the rack teeth 22 of themovable jaw 16, thereby attaining a good wrench, though not as strong orat as low a cost as the preferred forms of the'iinproved wrenchconstruction.

Figure`14 shows a further modified form of the invention in which theconcavity of wall'y 11, is omitted. j Y,

As in former wrench construction, the movable jaw 16 has an angularcut-away portion 136 on the under side of the cylindrical extension 21so that said jaw 16 can move overthe knurled adjusting"nut 24 as thejaw16 slidably moves'back and forth in the wrench, head 11. The diameter ofthe nut 24 or 32 andthe cut-away portion 36 are so proportioned toeachother that said cut-away portion 36 of` the jaw 1 6fpresses againstthe side of the adjusting nut 24A y when saidj awf16 is inthe extremeextended position as shown in Figjl, thus giving added strength to saidj awat its extreme extension when in greatest need of strength. Themovable jaw `16 is preferably Vformed with :in-opposite angularlyinclinedA brace 37 which slidably litsl in the slot 14y betweenthebr'a-ces 13 on the fixed vjaw` 12, and conforms to an adjacent faceof a hexagonal nut to the face that is engaged by*A said braces 13.4 iThat isjclaimed as new is:

1. The hereindescribed,methodof making v wrenches which consists informing a fixed jaw with. a pair of communicating inner and outerbarrels and with/a transverse opening intersecting the inner barrel, andprovidingan outer wall the latter,v having a concavity, then inproviding an 'adjustable jaw having part fitted inthe outer barrel and arack in theinner barrel, their in 'heating a nut having a reamedopfening and placing same in the transverse 'opening formed in the fixedjaw, then in inserting a llO screw having a shank in the inner barreland engaging same with the said rack and in- Serting the shank of thescrew through the nut opening, and then in delivering blows to the outerend of the screw to cause the shank thereof to engage in the concavityof said outer wall of the transverse opening so as to upset the free endof the shank and to cause the upset part to engage in the reamed partofthe nut opening. p

2. The hereindescribed method of making wrenches which consists informing a iiXed jaw with a air of communicating inner and outer barre sand with a transverse opening intersecting the inner barrel andproviding an outer wall, then in providing an adjustable jaw having apart iitted inthe outer barrel and a rack in the inner barrel, then inheating a nut having a reamed opening and placing same in the transverseopening formed in the iiXed jaw, then in inserting a screw having ashank in the inner barrel and engaging same with the said rack andinserting the shank of the screw through the nut opening, and then indelivering blows to the outer end of the screw to cause the shankthereof to engage said outer wall of the transverse opening so as toupset the free end of the shank and to cause the upset part to engage inthe reamed part of the nut opening.

3. rIhe hereindescribed method of making wrenches which consists informing al iXed jaw with a pair of communicating inner and `outerbarrels and with a transverse opening intersecting the inner barrel7then in providino' an ad'ustable' 'aw havin@ a art,

`the screw shank.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature 1n the presence of twowitnesses.

CLAYTON M. JONES. Witnesses:

C. V. Swanson, THEO. THoMAs HAAG.

